Birds of Nova Scotia

Appendix 1: Hypothetical Species | Appendix 2: Unsuccessful Introductions | Bird List | Birds of NS
Allen, E.C.
1916. Annotated list of birds of Yarmouth and vicinity, southwestern Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 14: 67-95.

Allen, E.G.
1939. Nicolas Denys, a forgotten observer of birds. Auk 56: 283-285.

American Ornithologists' Union
1983. Check-List of North American Birds. 6th ed. American Ornithologists' Union.

Audubon, J.J.
1839. The Birds of America, vol. 7. George R. Lockwood, New York.

Austin, O.L.,Jr.
1961. On the American status of Tiaris canora and Carduelis carduelis. Auk 80: 73-74.

Austin-Smith, P.J., and G.E. Dickie.
1985. Nesting success and productivity of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in Nova Scotia 1984. [N.S.] Lands and Forests Technical Note No. 28.

Austin-Smith, P.J., and G. Rhodenizer.
1983. Ospreys, Pandion haliaetus, relocate nests from power lines to substitute sites. Canadian Field-Nat. 97: 315-319.

Bagg, A.M.
1967. Factors affecting the occurrence of the Eurasian Lapwing in eastern North America. The Living Bird 1967: 87-122.

Bagg, A.M., and R.P. Emery.
1966. Regional reports, fall migration. Northeastern Maritime region. Audubon Field-Notes 20: 7-19.

Banks, R.C.
1977. The decline and fall of the Eskimo Curlew, or why did the curlew go extaille? Amer. Birds 31: 127-134.

Bartlett, C.O.
1960. Amencan Widgeon and Pintail in the Maritime Provinces. Canadian Field-Nat. 74: 153-155.

Bayley, I.A. 1925, The birds of Bird Islands, Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 39: 183-187.

Bent, A.C.
1919. Life histories of North Amencan diving birds. U.S Nat Mus. Bull. 107.
1923. Life histories of North American wild fowl. Part 1. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 126.
1925. Life histories of North American wild fowl. Part 2. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 126.
1927. Life histories of North American shore birds. Part 1 . U.S Nat. Mus. Bull. 142.
1937. Life histories of North American birds of prey. Part 1. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 170.
1938. Life histones of North American birds of prey. Part 2. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 174.

Bierregaard, R.O., A.B. David, T.D. Baird, and R.E. Woodruff.
1975. First Northwest Atlantic breeding record of the Manx Shearwater. Auk 92: 145-147.

Blakiston, T., and R.E. Bland.
1856. A list of the birds of Nova Scotia, as far as ascertained, compiled mostly from actual observations, in the years 1852-3-4 and 5. Land Birds. Naturalist (London) 6: 268-271.
1857. A list of the birds of Nova Scotia, as far as ascertained, compiled mostly from actual observations, in the years 1852-3-4 and 5. Waterbirds. Naturalist (London) 7: 103-106.

Bouteillier, J.1
1906. Bird migration,1905. Observations made on Sable Island, Nova Scotia. Ottawa Nat. 20: 127-129.

Bouteillier, R.1 1901. Autumn notes on birds, Sable Island, N.S. Ottawa Nat. 15: 199-200.

Brewer, T.M.
1878. Changes in our North Amencan fauna. Bull. Nuttall Ornithol. Club 3: 50-51.

Brewster, W.
1906. The birds of the Cambridge region. Mem. Nuttall Ornithol Club, No. 4.
1909a. Something more about Black Ducks. Auk 26: 173-179.
1909b. Occurrence of the Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) off the coast of Nova Scotia. Auk 26: 190-191.

Brooks, Alan.
1933. Notes on short trip to Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Canadian Field-Nat.. 47: 70-72.

Brown, R.G.B.
1980. A second Canadian Record of Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri. Canadian Field Nat. 94: 466-476.

Brown, R.G.B., D.I. Gillespie, A.R. Loch, P.A. Pearce, and G.H. Watson.
1973. Bird mortality from oil slicks off eastern Canada. February-April 1970. Canadian Field-Nat. 87: 225-234.

Brown, R.G.B., D.N. Nettleship, P. Germain, C.E. Tull, and T. Davis.
1975. Atlas of Eastern Canadian Seabirds. Canadian Wildl. Serv., Envir. Canada, Ottawa.

Bryant, H.
1857. A list of birds observed at Grand Manan and at Yarmouth, N.S., from June 16 to July 8, 1856. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 114-123.

Cairns, W.E., and I.A. McLaren.
1980. The status of the Piping Plover in eastern North America. Amer. Birds 34: 206-208.

Chamberlain, M.
1881. Remarkable flight of birds. Ornithologist and Oologist 6: 53.
1887a. A Catalogue of Canadian Birds with Notes on the Distribution of the Species. J. & A. McMillan, Saint John, N.B.
1887b. The Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula) in Nova Scotia. Auk 4: 258.
1891. A Popular Handbook of the Ornithology of the United States and Canada, based on Nuttall's Manual 2 vols. Little, Brown, and Co., Boston.

Champlain, Samuel de.
1922. The Works of Samuel de Champlain, ed. H.P. Biggar. Vol.1. The Champlain Society, Toronto, Ontario.

Chapman, F.M.
1934. Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America. D. Appleton and Co., New York

Collins, J.W.
1884. Notes on the habits and methods of capture of various species of sea birds that occur on the fishing banks off the eastern coast of North America, and which were used as bait For catching codfish by New England fishermen. U.S. Bur. Fisheries, Ann. Rep, U.S. Comm. Fisheries, 1882:311-338.

Cooke, W.W.
1910. Distribution and migration of North American shorebirds. U.S. Dept. Agric. Biol. Surv. Bull. 185, 47 pp.
1915. Bird migration. U.S. Dept. Agric. Bull. 185.

Coues, W.P.
1890. Passer domesticus in Cape Breton. Auk 7: 212.

Deane, R.
1879. The Frigate Pelican in Nova Scotia. Bull. Nuttall Ornithol. Club 4: 64.

Dewar, J. M.
1912. The evolution of waders. The Zoologist, 4 Ser., 16: 161.

Doane, B.K.
1971. A Black-cowled Oriole? Nova Scotia Bird Soc. Newsletter 13: 79-81.

Downs, A.
1865. On the land birds of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 1 (3): 38-51.
1866. On the land birds of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 1 (4): 130-136.
1886. Pied or Labrador Duck. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 6: 326-327.
1888. A catalogue of the birds of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 7: 142-178.

Dutcher, W.
1891. The Labrador Duck: a revised list of the extant specimens in North America with some historical notes. Auk 8: 201 -214.
1894. The Labrador Duck—another specimen, with additional data respecting extant specimens. Auk 11: 4.

Dwight, J.
1895. The Ipswich Sparrow (Ammodramus princeps) and its summer home. Mem. Nuttall Ornithol. Club No. 1.
1897. A species of Shearwater (Puffinus assimilis Gould) new to the North American fauna. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 11: 69-70.
1903. Some new records for Nova Scotia. Auk 20: 439-440.

Erskine, A.J.
1968. Northern birds summering in eastern Canada. Nova Scotia Bird Soc. Newsletter 10: 128-130.
1971. Bird communities in and around Cape Breton Wetlands. Canadian Field-Nat. 85: 129-140.
1977. Birds in boreal Canada: communities. densities and adaptations. Canadian Wildl. Serv. Rep. Ser 41.
1978. The first ten years of the co-operative breeding bird survey in Canada. Canadian Wildl. Serv. Rep. Ser. 42.

Finch, D.W.
1972. The nesting season. Northeastern Maritime region. Amer. Birds 26: 832-837.

Forbush, E.H.
1916. A History of the Game Birds, Wild-fowl and Shore Birds of Massachusetts and Adjacent States. 2nd ed. Comm. of Massachusetts, Boston, Mass.

Freedman, B., C. Beauchamp, I.A. McLaren and S.I. Tingley.
1981. Forestry Management practices and populations of breeding birds in a hardwood forest in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 95: 307-311.

Gates, A.D.
1975. The tourism and outdoor recreation climate of the Mantime Provinces. Publ. Appl. Meteorol. Envir Canada, Atmosph. Envir. Ser. REC-3-73

Gesner, A.
1842. Birds of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Pp.41-46 in Synopsis ofthe Contents of Gesner's Museum of Natural History at Saint John, N.B. Henry Chubb, Saint John, N.B.

Gibbon, R.S.
1964. Studies and observations of the Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker near Stewiacke. Nova Scotia Bird Soc. Newsletter 6(3): 5- 13.

Gilpin, J.B.
1872. On the eagles of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 3: 202-209.
1880. On the semi-annual migration of sea fowl in Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 5: 138-151.
1881. On the birds of prey of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 5: 255-268.
1882a. Shore birds of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 5: 376-387.
1882b. Rare birds in Nova Scotia. Ornithologist and Oologist 7: 122-123.

Gochfield, M.
1964. An exotic hummingbird. Nova Scotia Bird Soc. Newsletter 6(3): 11-12.

Godfrey, W.E.
1958. Birds of Cape Breton Island. Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 72: 7-27.
1959a. Notes of the Great Auk in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 73: 175.
1959b. The Common Scoter on Cape Breton Island — a correction. Canadian Field-Nat. 73: 184
1966. The Birds of Canada. Nat. Mus. Canada Bull. 203. Biol. Ser. 73.
1984. A tribute to Robie Wilfred Tufts,1884-1982. Canadian Field-Nat. 98: 513-518.

Goss, N.S.
1885. Wilson's Plover in Nova Scotia. Auk 2: 221 -222.

Grieve, S.
1885. The Great Auk or Garefowl (Alca impennis, Linn.), its History, Archeology, and Remains. Thomas C. Jack, London and Edinburgh.

Gross, A.O.
1937. Birds of the Bowdoin-MacMillan Arctic Expedition 1934. Auk 54: 12-42.

Hakluyt, R.
1600. The Principal Navigations Voyages Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation ...... Vol.3, p.162. London.

Haliburton, T.C.2
1825. A General Description of Nova Scotia, Illustrated by a New and Correct Map. Royal Acadian School, Halifax, N.S.

Hickman, W.A.
1896. List of birds observed at Pictou, Nova Scotia, from first of January to first of July,1895. Ottawa Nat. 9: 231 -235.

James, R.D., P.L. McLaren, and J.C. Barlow.
1976. Annotated checklist of the birds of Ontario. Life Sci. Misc. Publ. Royal Ont. Mus. 1976.

Johnson, R.A.
1940. Present range, migration and abundance of the Atlantic Murre in North America. Bird Banding 11: 1-17.

Jones, J.M.
1868. On some of the rarer birds of Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 2: 70-73.
1870. Rare birds in Nova Scotia. Amer. Nat. 4: 253.
1879. List of the birds of Nova Scotia—land birds. Forest and Stream (N.Y.) 12: 65-66, 105-106, 205, 245.
1885. Water birds of Nova Scotia. Forest and Stream (N.Y.) 25: 43-44, 83, 123.

Kempton, A.C.
1891. Fox Sparrow in Nova Scotia. Forest and Stream (N.Y.) 34:412

Kennard, F.H.
1902. The Yellow-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax violaceus) in Nova Scotia. Auk 19: 396-397

Kortright, F.H.
1942. The Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America. Amer. Wildlife Inst., Washington, D.C.

Langille, J.H.
1884. Bicknell's Thrush. Auk 1: 268-270.
1892. Our Birds in their Haunts. Orange Judd Co., New York.

Lewis, H.F.
1913. The Evening Grosbeak in Nova Scotia. Bird-lore 15: 1973.
1914. Breeding of the Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus phoeniceus) in Nova Scotia. Auk 31: 537-538.
1920. Notes on the Acadian Sharp-tailed Sparrow (Passerherbulus nelsoni subvirgatus). Auk 37: 587-589.
1929. The Natural History of the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus auritus). Ru-Mi-Lou Books, Ottawa.
1957. Report on official investigation of cormorants in Nova Scotia in 1956 and 1957. Nova Scotia Mus. Sci. Newsletter 2 (2): 28-32.

Lloyd, H.
1920. The duck specimens recorded as Labrador Duck in Dalhousie College, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat 34: 155- 156.
1927. European Widgeon crosses from Iceland. Canadian Field-Nat. 41: 171.

Lock, A.R., and R.K. Ross.
1973. The nesting of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) and the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) in Nova Scotia in 1971. Canadian Field-Nat 87: 43-49.

MacArthur, R.H., and E.O. Wilson.
1967. The Theory of Island Biogeography. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, N.J.

MacLellan, C.R.
1958. The role of woodpeckers in control of the Codling Moth in Nova Scotia. Canadian Entomol. 40:21.

Macoun, J.
1903. Catalogue of Canadian Birds. Part 2. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa.

Macoun, J. and J. M. Macoun
1909. Catalogue of Canadian Birds. Geological Survey of Canada. Ottawa.

Majka, C.G., B.L. Roscoe, and M.V. MacKinnon.
1976. The first nest record of the Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melano leuca) in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 90: 200-201.

May, J.B.
1935. The Hawks and Owls of North America. Amer. Wildl. Inst., Washington, D.C.

McAtee, W.L.
1945. Branta c. hutchinsi on the Altantic coast. Auk 62: 461-462.

McKinlay, J.
1885. Field notes from Pictou County, Nova Scotia. Auk 2: 39-43.
1899. The Corn Crake in Nova Scotia. Auk. 14: 75-76.

McLaren, I.A.
1981 a. The birds of Sable Island, Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 31: 1-84.
1981 b. The incidence of vagrant landbirds on Nova Scotian islands. Auk 98: 243-257.
1985. Survey of nineteenth century ornithology in Nova Scotia. Part I. Annotated list of unusual records. Nova Scotia Birds 27 (2): 46-54; (3): 65-71.
1986. Survey of nineteenth century ornithology in Nova Scotia. Part II. Annotated bibliography. Nova Scotia Birds 28 (2): 71-79.

McLaren, I.A., and A. Macinnis.
1977. A Zone-tailed Hawk in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 91: 310-311 .

McLeod, R.R.
1903. Markland or Nova Scotia, its History, Natural Resources and Native Beauties. J.L. Nichols, Ltd., Toronto, Ont.

McNeil, R. and J. Burton.
1971. First authentic North American record of the British Storm Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus). Auk 88: 671-672.

Mendall, H.L.
1944. Food of hawks and owls in Maine.J. Wildl. Management 8: 198-208.

Miller, E.H..
1985. Parental behaviour in the Least Sandpiper (Calidris minutila) Canadian Zool. 63: 1593-1601 .

Milton, G.R., and P.J. Austin-Smith.
1983. Changes in abundance and distribution of Double-crested (Phalacrocorax aurritus) and Great Cormorants (P. carbo) in Nova Scotia. Colonial Waterbirds 6: 130-138.

Morrell, C.H.
1899. Some winter birds of Nova Scotia. Auk 16: 250-253.

Mousley, H.
1939. Nesting behaviour of Wilson's Snipe and Spotted Sandpiper. Auk 56: 129-133.

Murphy, R.C., and W. Vogt.
1933. The Dovekie influx of 1932. Auk 50: 325-349.

Oberholser, H.C.
1938. The bird life of Louisiana. Louisiana Dep. Conserv. Bull. 28.

Ouellet, H., McNeil, R., and Burton, J.
1973. The Western Sandpiper in Quebec and the Maritime Provinces. Canadian Field-Nat. 87: 291 -300.

Palmer, R.S.
1949. Maine birds. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 102: 1-656.

Palmer, R.S., (ed.)
1976. Handbook of North American Birds. Vol. 2,3. Waterfowl . Yale Univ. Press, New Haven and London.

Peters, H.S.
1941. Ring-necked Ducks breeding in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia. Auk 58: 401-402.

Piers, H.
1890. Notes on Nova Scotian zoology. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 8: 467-474.
1892a. Notes on Nova Scotia zoology: No. 2. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 8: 175-184.
1892b. On the nidification of the Winter Wren in Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 8: 203-207.
1894. Notes on Nova Scotian zoology: No. 3. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 8: 395-410.
1897 Notes on Nova Scotia zoology: No. 4. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 9: 255-267.
1898 Remarkable ornithological occurrences in Nova Scotia. Auk 15: 195-196.
1915 The occurrence of European birds in Nova Scotia. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 13: 228-239.
1927 Accidental occurrence in Nova Scotia of the Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus rupestris welchi or L. rupestris rupestris): with remarks on the status of L. welchi as a specific name. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 16: 1-8.

Pitelka, F.A.
1950. Geographic variation and the species problem in the shorebird genus Limnodromus. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 50:1-108.

Pough, R.H.
1949. Audubon Bird Guide. Small Land Birds. Doubleday and Co.. Garden City. N.Y

Prevost, Y.A., R.R. Bancroft, and N.R. Seymour.
1978. Status of the Osprey in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 92: 294-297.

Quinney, T.E., and P.C. Smith.
1980. First breeding record of Black-crowned Night Heron in Nova Scotia Canadian Field-Nat.. 94: 463.

Rand, A.L.
1929. Natal down and juvenal plumage of the Sharp-tailed Sparrow Auk 46: 243-244. 1930. Notes on the summer birds of the interior of western Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 44: 95-96. 1948. Distributional notes on Canadian birds. Canadian Field-Nat. 62: 175-180. 1950. An abnormally colored Woodcock (Philohela minor). Canadian Field-Nat. 64: 153.

Richardson, E.
1965. Living Island. Ryerson, Toronto, Ontario.

Richardson, W.J.
1982. Northeastward reverse migration of birds over Nova Scotia. Canada, in Autumn. A radar study. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 10: 193-206.

Roland, A.E.
1982. Geological Background and Physiography of Nova Scotia. Nova Scotian Inst. of Science. Halifax.

Ross, H.A.
1980a. The reproductive rates of yearling and older Ipswich Sparrows, Passerculus sandwichensis princeps. Canadian J. Zool. 58: 1557-1763. 1980b. Growth of nestling Ipswich Sparrows in relation to season, habitat, brood size, and parental age. Auk 97: 721 -732.

Ross, H.A., and I.A. McLaren.
1981. Lack of differential survival among young Ipswich Sparrows. Auk 98: 495-502.

Rowe, J.S.
1972. Forest regions of Canada. Canadian Forestry Serv. Bull. 1300.

Sandford, L.C., L.B. Bishop, and T.S, Van Dyke.
1903 The Waterfowl Family. Macmillan, London and New York.

Saunders, W.E.
1902. Birds of Sable Island, N.S. Ottawa Nat. 16: 15-31.

Scott, D.M.
1959. Observations on marine birds of southwestern Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 73: 15-20.

Shortt, T.M.
1943. Correlation of bill and foot coloring with age and season in the Black Duck. Wilson Bull. 55: 3-7.

Simmons, M., D. Davis, L. Griffths, and A. Muecke.
1984. Natural History of Nova Scotia. 2 Vols. Nova Scotia Dept. Education and Dept. Lands and Forests, Halifax.

Smith, B.J. and S. Smith.
1972. [List of birds of Cape Sable, Nova Scotia]. Nova Scotia Bird Soc. Newsletter 14: 74-78.

Smith, P.W.
1985. Jackdaws reach the New World. Amer. Birds 39: 255-258.

Smith, R.W.
1938. Noteworthy records for Nova Scotia. Auk 55: 548-550.

Solman, V.E.E.
1974. Harrison Flint Lewis,1893- 1974. Canadian Field-Nat. 88: 507-516.

Squires, W.A.
1976. The birds of New Brunswick. New Brunswick Mus. Monogr. Ser. No. 7.

Stobo, W.T., and I.A. McLaren.
1975. The Ipswich Sparrow. Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci. 27 (suppl 2) 1-105.

Stone, W.
1937 Bird Studies at Old Cape May. 2 Vols. Delaware Valley Ornithol. Club., Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia.

Storey, A.E., and J. Lein.
1985. Development of the first North American Colony of Manx Shearwaters. Auk 102: 395-401.

Taverner, P.A.
1934. Birds of Canada. Nat. Mus. Canada Bull. 72.

Tothill, J.D.
1918. Diving habit of the Spotted Sandpiper. Ottawa Nat. 32: 56.

Townsend, C.W.
1906. Notes on the birds of Cape Breton Island. Auk 23: 172- 179.
1915. Notes on the Rock Dove. Auk 22: 306-316.
1922. The summer birds of Advocate, Cumberland County, Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 36: 44-46.

Tuck, L.M.
1961. The Murres: their distribution, populations and biology—a study of the genus Uria. Canadian Wildl. Serv. Monogr. Ser. No. 1.

Tufts, H.F.
1898. Notes on the birds of Kings Co., Nova Scotia. Ottawa Nat. 12: 173-177.
1899. Notes on the birds of Kings Co., Nova Scotia. Ottawa Nat. 12: 229-233, 359-362.
1906. Nesting of crossbills in Nova Scotia. Auk. 23: 339-340.
1907. Notes on some Seal Island (Yarmouth County. Nova Scotia) birds. Ottawa Nat. 21: 93-95.

Tufts, R.W.
1915. Wilson's Snipe wintering in Nova Scotia. Auk 32: 368.
1925. Record of the Sooty Tern for Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 39: 64.
1930. Black Grouse and Capercaillie liberated in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 44: 214.
1949. First record for White Pelican in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Nat. 63: 116.
1955. Rare and unusual birds observed during 1955. Nova Scotia Mus. Sci Newsletter 1 (2): 5.

Welsh, D.A.
1975. Savannah Sparrow breeding and territoriality on a Nova Scotia dune beach. Auk 92: 235-251.

White, H.G.
1891. Migration of the Red Phalarope (Crymophilus fulicarius). Auk 8: 233-235.

Willis, J.R.
1859. List of birds of Nova Scotia. Compiled from notes made by Lieutenant Blakiston, R.A., and Lieutenant Bland, R.E., made in 1858 Ann. Rep. Board Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1858: 280-286.

1Some of the papers in the previous edition under R. and J. Bouteillier were attnbuted to the wrong Bouteillier when published, and their name was variously misspelt. The papers are here given under the correct authorships. See clarification in McLaren (1981a).

2inferred author.





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